Eurocentrism+in+Black+Hollywood

Smith Early Black Stereotypes in Media:

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=Blaxploitation=

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from [|Blacksploitation])Jump to: [|navigation], [|search]//[|Shaft]// (1971) hide] * [|1] [|Common qualities]
 * Blaxploitation** is a [|film genre] that emerged in the [|United States] in the early [|1970s] when many [|exploitation films] were made that targeted an audience of urban [|black people]; the word itself is a [|portmanteau] of the words "black" and "exploitation." Blaxploitation films were the first to feature [|soundtracks] of [|funk] and [|soul music]. These films starred primarily black actors.[|[1]] [|//Variety// magazine] credited //[|Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song]// with the invention of the blaxploitation genre. Others argue that the Hollywood-financed film //[|Shaft]// is closer to being blaxploitation, and thus is more likely to have begun the genre.[|[2]]
 * ==Contents==
 * [|2] [|Stereotypes]
 * [|3] [|Famous blaxploitation films]
 * [|3.1] [|1970]
 * [|3.2] [|1971]
 * [|3.3] [|1972]
 * [|3.4] [|1973]
 * [|3.5] [|1974]
 * [|3.6] [|1975]
 * [|3.7] [|1976]
 * [|3.8] [|1977]
 * [|3.9] [|1978]
 * [|3.10] [|1979]
 * [|3.11] [|Post 1970s blaxploitation films]
 * [|4] [|Later influence and media references]
 * [|5] [|Cultural references and parodies]
 * [|6] [|See also]
 * [|7] [|Further reading]
 * [|8] [|References]
 * [|9] [|External links] ||

[[|edit]] Common qualities
When set in the [|Northeast] or [|West Coast] of the U.S., Blaxploitation films tend to take place in the [|ghetto], dealing with [|hit men], [|drug dealers] and [|pimps]. The genre frequently takes place in an atmosphere of crime and drug-dealing. [|Ethnic slurs] against whites (e.g., "[|honky]"), and negative white characters like corrupt cops, politicians, prostitutes and easily fooled organized crime members were common. Blaxploitation films set in the [|South] often take place on a [|plantation], dealing with [|slavery] and [|miscegenation].[|[3]][|[4]] Blaxploitation includes several types of films, including crime (//[|Foxy Brown]//), action/martial arts (//[|Three the Hard Way]//), horror (//[|Abby]//), comedy (//[|Uptown Saturday Night]//), nostalgia (//[|Five on the Black Hand Side]//), coming-of-age/courtroom drama (//[|Cooley High]/[|Cornbread, Earl and Me]//), and musical (//[|Sparkle]//). The primary quality of the blaxploitation film is the targeted marketing to black audiences with the use of exploitable elements such as a black cast and subject matter of interest to [|African-Americans]. Following the lead of //[|Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song]//, many of these films featured [|funk] and [|soul jazz] soundtracks with heavy bass, funky beats and wah-wah guitars. These soundtracks are notable for a degree of complexity that was not common for radio-friendly funk tracks and rich orchestration that included uncommon instruments such as flutes and violins.[|[5]]

[[|edit]] Stereotypes
At the same time, the films were accused of stereotyping blacks, the audience they aimed to appeal to, as pimps and drug dealers. This dovetailed with common white stereotypes about black people, and as a result, many called for the end of the blaxploitation genre. The [|NAACP], the [|Southern Christian Leadership Conference], and the [|Urban League] joined together to form the Coalition Against Blaxploitation. Backed by many black film professionals, this group received much media exposure and hastened the death of the genre by the late 1970s. Blaxploitation films, such as //[|Mandingo]//, laid the foundation for future filmmakers to address racial controversies regarding [|inner city] [|poverty], and in the early 1990s, a new wave of acclaimed black filmmakers focused on black urban life in their films, particularly [|Spike Lee]'s //[|Do the Right Thing]// and [|John Singleton]'s //[|Boyz N the Hood]//, among others.

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=Hollywood Shuffle=

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: [|navigation], [|search] [|Keenen Ivory Wayans] Robert Townsend || Craigus R. Johnson Dom Irrera [|Helen Martin] [|John Witherspoon] Keenen Ivory Wayans Robert Townsend Roy Fegan Starletta DuPois [|Grand L. Bush] ||
 * ~ **//Hollywood Shuffle//** ||
 * = [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/bd/Hollwood_Shuffle_DVD.jpg width="200" height="290" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hollwood_Shuffle_DVD.jpg"]] ||
 * ~ Directed by || [|Robert Townsend] ||
 * ~ Produced by || Robert Townsend ||
 * ~ Written by || [|Dom Irrera] (uncredited)
 * ~ Starring || [|Anne-Marie Johnson]
 * ~ Music by || Udi Harpaz ||
 * ~ Cinematography || Peter Deming ||
 * ~ Editing by || W.O. Garrett ||
 * ~ Distributed by || [|The Samuel Goldwyn Company] ||
 * ~ Release date(s) || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png width="22" height="12" caption="United States" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States"]] October 17, 1987 ||
 * ~ Running time || 78 min. ||
 * ~ Country || [|U.S.A.] ||
 * ~ Language || [|English] ||
 * ~ Budget || $100,000 (estimated) ||
 * ~ Gross revenue || $5,228,617[|[1]] ||

//**Hollywood Shuffle**// is a comedy film released in 1987 that [|satirizes] the [|stereotyping] of [|African Americans] in both film and television. It was directed and produced by [|Robert Townsend], and written by Robert Townsend, [|Keenen Ivory Wayans], and [|Dom Irrera] (uncredited). Comedians featured in this film include Robert Townsend, [|Keenen Ivory Wayans], [|Damon Wayans], [|Dom Irrera], Don Reed, and [|John Witherspoon]. Many of the cast and crew later became involved in the [|Fox TV] sketch comedy series //[|In Living Color]// (1990-1994), and the style of humor is similar.media type="youtube" key="xKX4LktBI5o" height="385" width="480"
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f4/Ambox_content.png width="40" height="40"]] || This article **may contain [|wording that merely promotes the subject] without imparting verifiable information**. Please remove or replace such wording, unless you can cite [|independent sources] that support the characterization. ||